Teach English in Mauritius: Requirements, Salary, Jobs
Teach English in Mauritius
Are you considering teaching English in Mauritius? With its stunning beaches, multicultural society, and warm climate, Mauritius provides a unique and enriching environment for teachers. From the bustling capital of Port Louis to the serene coastal towns and lush green interior, Mauritius offers diverse settings for those looking to teach English.
Mauritius is known for its welcoming atmosphere and safety, making it an attractive destination for English teachers. The island's tropical climate means warm temperatures year-round, and the modern infrastructure ensures that amenities like air conditioning and reliable public services are readily available. Whether you're an experienced teacher or new to the profession, teaching in Mauritius allows you to grow both professionally and personally while immersing yourself in a vibrant culture.
Why Teach English in Mauritius?
Teaching English in Mauritius is more than just a job—it's a gateway to new experiences and adventures. Here are some compelling reasons why Mauritius is an ideal destination for English teachers.
Embrace a Multicultural Island Life
Mauritius is a melting pot of cultures, with influences from Africa, India, Europe, and China. This cultural diversity is reflected in its festivals, cuisine, and daily life. As a teacher, you'll have the chance to engage with students from various backgrounds, gaining a deeper appreciation for Mauritius's rich heritage.
You can experience festivals like Diwali, the festival of lights, celebrated by the island's Indian community, or Chinese New Year, where the streets are filled with vibrant dragon dances and decorations. The Mauritian Independence Day in March is another lively event, showcasing the island's unity and pride. Engaging in these cultural festivities and traditions will allow you to feel truly integrated into Mauritian society.
Enjoy Breathtaking Natural Beauty
Mauritius is renowned for its stunning landscapes, from crystal-clear lagoons and coral reefs to lush green mountains. You can relax on the pristine beaches of Flic en Flac or Grand Baie or explore the beautiful national parks like Black River Gorges. Whether you’re interested in diving, hiking, or simply soaking up the sun, Mauritius offers endless outdoor activities for every nature enthusiast.
If you love adventure, you can snorkel in the coral reefs of Blue Bay, hike up Le Morne Brabant, a UNESCO World Heritage site, or trek through the forests to see the island's diverse flora and fauna. Mauritius is also home to some of the world's best kite-surfing spots, making it an exciting destination for those seeking an active lifestyle.
Experience an Affordable Lifestyle
Despite being an island paradise, Mauritius offers a relatively affordable cost of living, allowing English teachers to enjoy a comfortable and fulfilling lifestyle. Housing options range from modern apartments in Port Louis to beachside villas in quieter areas, with rental costs being quite reasonable. Public transportation is efficient and inexpensive, and local markets provide fresh produce and delicious street food at affordable prices. This affordability means you can explore the island and enjoy a variety of activities without financial strain.
Explore Diverse Teaching Opportunities
Mauritius has a strong demand for English teachers, with numerous schools, language centers, and universities seeking qualified educators. Salaries are competitive, and many institutions offer support with work permits and housing, making the transition smoother for foreign teachers. Professional development opportunities are also available to help teachers advance their careers and enhance their skills. Whether you prefer teaching young learners in primary schools or adults in language institutes, Mauritius offers diverse options for English teachers.
Feel the Warm Mauritian Hospitality
Mauritian people are known for their friendliness and hospitality, making it easy for newcomers to feel welcome. As a teacher, you’ll be embraced by the local community, and you may even be invited to family gatherings, festivals, and local events, giving you a deeper insight into life on the island. Learning a few basic Creole or French phrases can go a long way in building connections and showing respect for the local culture, enhancing your overall experience in Mauritius.
Savor a Variety of Flavors
Mauritian cuisine is a reflection of its multicultural society, blending Indian, Creole, Chinese, and European influences. As a teacher in Mauritius, you'll have the opportunity to indulge in diverse culinary experiences, from flavorful curries and fresh seafood to Chinese dim sum and French pastries. Visit local markets like Bazaar Port Louis to taste delicacies such as dholl puri (a type of flatbread filled with curry) or gateaux piments (spicy lentil fritters). Taking a Mauritian cooking class can also be a fun and engaging way to immerse yourself in the island’s rich culinary traditions.
Travel Easily Around the Indian Ocean Region
Mauritius’s location makes it a perfect hub for exploring nearby islands and countries in the Indian Ocean region. Affordable flights from Mauritius allow you to visit places like Reunion Island, Madagascar, or the Seychelles, providing you with opportunities to expand your cultural horizons. With visa policies that often allow easy re-entry, Mauritius is an excellent base for those looking to travel and explore more of the region during their time off.
Grow Personally and Professionally
Teaching in Mauritius provides opportunities for personal and professional growth. Living in such a diverse and dynamic environment helps build adaptability, cultural awareness, and problem-solving skills. These experiences can greatly enhance your resume, opening doors to future international teaching opportunities. Furthermore, making a positive impact on your students by helping them improve their English skills can be immensely rewarding. Teaching in Mauritius allows you to create unforgettable memories and grow in a setting that is both welcoming and inspiring.
Requirements to Teach English in Mauritius
Teaching English in Mauritius is a fulfilling experience, but there are several requirements that you’ll need to meet before starting your teaching career on this beautiful island. Here’s what most schools and language centers in Mauritius typically look for:
🎓 Bachelor’s Degree: Many schools in Mauritius prefer candidates who hold a bachelor’s degree in any field. While having a degree in education, linguistics, or English can be an advantage, it is not always a strict requirement. In some cases, schools may accept candidates with relevant experience in teaching or specialized skills in language instruction.
📜 Teaching Qualification: A TEFL, TESOL, CELTA, or DELTA certification is highly recommended and may be required by certain institutions. These qualifications provide essential teaching methodologies and classroom management techniques that are valuable for teaching English to non-native speakers. Having one of these certifications can also significantly boost your job prospects.
🛂 Work Visa: If you are not a citizen of Mauritius, you will need to secure a work visa to teach on the island. Generally, your employer will assist you with the visa application process, ensuring that you meet all the legal requirements for employment in Mauritius. This step is usually straightforward, but it's important to confirm the details with your prospective employer.
📖 English Proficiency: While Mauritius is a multilingual country where both English and French are widely spoken, English teachers are expected to have a high level of proficiency in English. You do not need to be a native speaker, but you should be fluent in both written and spoken English, with clear communication skills to effectively teach students at various levels.
🧑🏫 Teaching Experience: Although prior teaching experience is preferred, it is not always mandatory. Some schools in Mauritius are open to hiring new teachers who are just starting their careers, especially if they have the right qualifications, such as a TEFL or TESOL certification. Experience in classroom management, lesson planning, and working with diverse student populations will be beneficial.
📋 Other Requirements: Each school or language center may have its specific requirements, such as familiarity with the local curriculum or experience teaching in a multilingual environment. It’s a good idea to reach out to potential employers directly to verify their specific needs and expectations.
By meeting these qualifications and preparing adequately, you will enhance your chances of securing an English teaching position in Mauritius and enjoy a smooth transition into your new role on the island.
Salary and Benefits for Teaching English in Mauritius
Mauritius, a beautiful island nation known for its diverse culture, offers a growing number of opportunities for English teachers. With its mix of cultures, languages, and scenic beauty, Mauritius provides an ideal setting for educators looking to balance work with a high quality of life. The amount you will earn teaching English in Mauritius depends on the type of institution you work for, your qualifications, and experience.
Mauritius offers various teaching opportunities, from primary and secondary schools to language institutes and private tutoring. Here are the types of jobs and salaries you can expect in Mauritius:
| School Type | Salary (MUR) | Salary (USD) |
|---|---|---|
| Public or Government Schools | 25,000 - 40,000 per month | $565 - $905 per month |
| Private Schools | 30,000 - 50,000 per month | $680 - $1,130 per month |
| Private Language Schools | 20,000 - 35,000 per month | $450 - $790 per month |
| International Schools | 50,000 - 90,000 per month | $1,130 - $2,035 per month |
| Universities | 40,000 - 70,000 per month | $905 - $1,585 per month |
| Private English Lessons | 500 - 1,000 per hour | $11 - $23 per hour |
Public or Government School Teaching Jobs and Salaries
In Mauritius, public or government schools are a common employer for English teachers. Teachers are expected to handle large class sizes, ranging from 30 to 40 students, and teach students with varying English proficiency levels. The salary for English teachers in public schools typically ranges from MUR 25,000 to 40,000 ($565 to $905) per month. Experienced teachers may have opportunities for higher salaries, especially in schools located in more urban areas.
Private School Teaching Jobs and Salaries
Private schools in Mauritius offer smaller class sizes and often cater to students from wealthier families or expatriate communities. As a result, salaries tend to be higher than in government schools. Teachers in private schools can expect to earn between MUR 30,000 and 50,000 ($680 to $1,130) per month. These positions may come with additional benefits such as housing allowances, vacation pay, or health insurance. Schools may also provide more structured curricula and resources, giving teachers additional support.
International School Teaching Jobs and Salaries
International schools in Mauritius are among the highest-paying institutions for English teachers. These schools cater to both local and expatriate students, following international curricula such as the British or American systems. Securing a job in an international school generally requires experience and qualifications from your home country, as they aim to attract highly skilled educators. Teachers at international schools can expect to earn between MUR 50,000 and 90,000 ($1,130 to $2,035) per month. Benefits often include housing allowances, health insurance, and paid vacations.
Language School Teaching Jobs and Salaries
Private language schools in Mauritius provide English language courses to adults, children, and professionals looking to improve their language skills. These schools often operate on a flexible schedule, with classes held in the mornings, evenings, or weekends to accommodate working students. Salaries in private language schools range from MUR 20,000 to 35,000 ($450 to $790) per month, depending on your qualifications and the number of hours you teach. Part-time positions are also available, which may allow for a more flexible work-life balance.
University Teaching Jobs and Salaries
Universities in Mauritius offer prestigious teaching positions, where teachers may have more autonomy over their schedules and lesson plans. University English teachers are responsible for teaching undergraduate and postgraduate students. The salary for university positions ranges from MUR 40,000 to 70,000 ($905 to $1,585) per month, depending on qualifications and experience. These roles often require a higher level of education, such as a master’s degree or Ph.D.
Private Tutoring Jobs and Salaries
Private tutoring is a popular option for English teachers looking to supplement their income or work independently. Tutors are in demand among students preparing for exams or professionals improving their English for business purposes. Private tutors in Mauritius can earn between MUR 500 to 1,000 ($11 to $23) per hour. Although tutoring can be a flexible and lucrative option, it requires the effort of building a client base and maintaining consistent student engagement.
Cost of Living in Mauritius
When considering the cost of living in Mauritius, it's helpful to divide expenses into two main categories: essentials (needs) and luxuries (wants). Essentials include rent, utilities, internet, food, and transportation, while personal luxuries depend on lifestyle preferences, such as dining out, entertainment, and fitness memberships. In general, Mauritius offers an affordable cost of living, though costs can fluctuate depending on whether you reside in a more tourist-centric area like Port Louis or a quieter suburban region.
The following breakdown of common monthly expenses is based on recent data from Numbeo:
| Item | Average Cost (MUR) | Average Cost (USD) |
|---|---|---|
| Apartment (1 bedroom) in City Centre | ₨15,000 | $340 |
| Apartment (1 bedroom) Outside Centre | ₨9,000 | $204 |
| Apartment (3 bedrooms) in City Centre | ₨35,000 | $795 |
| Apartment (3 bedrooms) Outside Centre | ₨25,000 | $570 |
| Monthly Utilities (915 sq ft) | ₨2,700 | $60 |
| Internet (60 Mbps or more) | ₨1,100 | $25 |
| Meal in an Inexpensive Restaurant | ₨250 | $6 |
| Rice (1 lb) | ₨20 | $0.45 |
| Chicken Fillets (1 lb) | ₨85 | $1.93 |
| Potatoes (1 lb) | ₨30 | $0.68 |
| Bananas (1 lb) | ₨15 | $0.34 |
| Water (1.5 liter bottle) | ₨25 | $0.57 |
| Cappuccino (regular) | ₨125 | $2.84 |
| Domestic Beer (0.5 liter bottle) | ₨70 | $1.60 |
| Imported Beer (12 oz small bottle) | ₨150 | $3.40 |
| One-Way Local Transport Ticket | ₨30 | $0.68 |
| Fitness Club, Monthly Fee | ₨1,500 | $34 |
Housing
Housing is often the most significant expense for English teachers in Mauritius. For a single person, a one-bedroom apartment in the city center typically ranges from ₨12,000 to ₨18,000 (around $275 to $410) per month. Outside the city center, this cost decreases significantly to between ₨7,500 to ₨12,000 (approximately $170 to $275).
For families, a three-bedroom apartment in the city center can range from ₨30,000 to ₨40,000 (about $680 to $910), while outside the city center, prices are typically ₨20,000 to ₨30,000 (roughly $450 to $680).
Living in the city center offers easy access to amenities, schools, and social activities but comes with higher rent. Areas outside the city center provide a quieter lifestyle and more affordable housing options, making them ideal for families or those looking to save on rent.
Food
Mauritius offers a variety of affordable food options. Dining out at local restaurants is budget-friendly, with a meal at an inexpensive restaurant typically costing around ₨250 (around $6). Basic groceries, such as rice, chicken, and fresh produce, are reasonably priced, making it easy to maintain a balanced diet on a modest budget. A cappuccino costs about ₨125 ($2.84), while a domestic beer is approximately ₨70 ($1.60). Imported goods or dining at higher-end restaurants will increase costs, but local markets and eateries remain budget-friendly options.
Transportation
Transportation in Mauritius is relatively affordable. A one-way ticket for local transport averages around ₨30 (0.68 USD), and monthly passes typically range from ₨1,000 to ₨2,000 (23 to 45 USD) depending on the region. Taxis and ride-hailing services start at ₨100 (2.27 USD), and gasoline costs approximately ₨315 (7.15 USD) per gallon. Public transport options, including buses, are reliable and inexpensive, especially in cities like Port Louis.
Utilities and Internet
Monthly utilities (electricity, water, garbage, and cooling) for an average apartment (around 915 sq ft) typically range between ₨2,000 to ₨5,000 (45 to 115 USD), averaging ₨2,700 (60 USD). Internet services are reliable, with a 60 Mbps or more unlimited data plan costing about ₨1,100 (25 USD) per month.
Entertainment and Leisure
Entertainment and leisure activities in Mauritius are generally affordable. A gym membership costs around ₨1,500 (34 USD) per month, while cinema tickets range from ₨200 to ₨300 (4.50 to 6.80 USD). Whether you're enjoying the beaches, exploring cultural sites, or experiencing the island's natural beauty, there are plenty of activities to suit all budgets.
Monthly Cost Summary
For a single person, the estimated monthly costs are around ₨35,000 (795 USD) without rent. For a family of four, the estimated monthly costs are approximately ₨125,000 (2,835 USD) without rent. Including rent will vary your total cost depending on your choice of accommodation and its location.
The Best Places to Teach English in Mauritius
Mauritius, with its blend of tropical beauty, multicultural heritage, and vibrant economy, offers plenty of opportunities for English teachers. Whether you're drawn to the bustling cities, serene beaches, or quieter suburban areas, Mauritius provides a welcoming and diverse environment. Here’s a guide to some of the best places to teach English in Mauritius, each with its own unique appeal.
Port Louis
Port Louis, the capital and largest city of Mauritius, is a bustling economic hub. Teaching English in Port Louis provides an exciting opportunity to work with students of different ages and backgrounds. The city’s multicultural population and rich history make it an excellent place for teachers looking to gain experience while immersing themselves in local culture. Schools in Port Louis are often well-equipped, and the city offers plenty of amenities, from local markets to modern shopping centers.
Curepipe
Curepipe, located in the central plateau, is one of the island’s main urban centers. Known for its cooler climate and colonial architecture, Curepipe provides a more relaxed teaching atmosphere compared to the fast-paced life of Port Louis. English teachers in Curepipe often find themselves working in smaller schools, with an emphasis on personalized education. The town is also a great base for exploring Mauritius' natural beauty, such as the Trou aux Cerfs crater and surrounding nature reserves.
Quatre Bornes
Quatre Bornes is a lively town situated between Port Louis and Curepipe, known for its markets and thriving middle-class community. The town’s central location makes it a popular choice for teachers who want access to both city life and quieter surroundings. Schools in Quatre Bornes offer diverse teaching environments, and the town itself has excellent transport links, making it easy to travel to other parts of the island.
Flic-en-Flac
Flic-en-Flac, located on the western coast of Mauritius, is famous for its stunning beaches and relaxed lifestyle. While primarily a tourist destination, there are also teaching opportunities here, especially in language schools catering to both locals and expats. Teaching in Flic-en-Flac offers the chance to enjoy a beachside lifestyle while working with motivated students who appreciate learning English for tourism and business purposes.
Grand Baie
Grand Baie, a vibrant town in the north, is a tourist hotspot known for its beaches, nightlife, and shopping. Teaching in Grand Baie often involves working in private language schools or offering private tutoring to the local and expat communities. This area is ideal for teachers who enjoy a more laid-back lifestyle and want to engage with students in a dynamic, cosmopolitan environment.
Other Notable Destinations
Mauritius offers additional teaching opportunities in quieter and more rural areas. Smaller towns like Mahébourg, with its rich history, and Pamplemousses, known for its botanical garden, provide a unique teaching experience where you can immerse yourself in local culture. Teaching in these areas may involve working with students from various backgrounds, allowing for a more intimate and community-focused teaching environment. The growing demand for English teachers, particularly in secondary schools and private language centers, means you can make a meaningful impact wherever you choose to teach on the island.
Insights into Mauritian Culture for English Teachers
Mauritius is a melting pot of cultures, with influences from India, Africa, Europe, and China. Understanding local customs and etiquette will not only enrich your experience but also foster better relationships with students and colleagues. Here’s a closer look at Mauritian culture and how you can navigate it as an English teacher.
Greeting and Social Etiquette
Mauritians are generally warm and friendly, and greetings are an essential part of everyday interactions. A handshake is common when meeting someone for the first time, and it's polite to address people using their titles, such as “Mr.” or “Mrs.”, followed by their surname. In more informal settings, people may use French greetings like “Bonjour” or “Bonsoir,” depending on the time of day.
Multilingual Environment
Mauritius is a multilingual society, with English being the official language of government and education, while French and Creole are widely spoken in daily life. Understanding some basic French or Creole phrases will help you communicate better outside of the classroom, and it shows respect for the local culture. In the classroom, English immersion is the preferred method, but having some knowledge of French or Creole can assist in clarifying instructions or handling administrative tasks.
Cultural Diversity
Mauritius celebrates its diversity through numerous cultural festivals and religious holidays, including Diwali, Eid, and Chinese New Year. Teachers in Mauritius are encouraged to engage with these cultural celebrations as they provide valuable opportunities to connect with students and their families on a deeper level.
Respect for Religion and Tradition
Mauritius is home to a variety of religions, including Hinduism, Christianity, Islam, and Buddhism. Teachers should be respectful of religious practices and traditions, particularly when it comes to dress codes and behavior in religious spaces. Understanding and acknowledging these cultural nuances can help create a harmonious classroom environment.
Do You Need to Speak French or Creole to Teach English in Mauritius?
While English is the official language of instruction in schools, knowing some French or Creole can greatly enhance your experience as a teacher in Mauritius. In the classroom, English will be the primary language, but outside of it, most people communicate in either French or Mauritian Creole.
Learning basic phrases in these languages can help you build rapport with students, parents, and colleagues, as well as navigate daily life more smoothly. Understanding local languages can also assist in classroom management, especially with younger students who may struggle with English. While it’s not mandatory to speak French or Creole, making an effort to learn will enrich your teaching experience and open doors to more meaningful interactions on the island.
Do You Need to Be a Native English Speaker to Teach English in Mauritius?
No, you don’t need to be a native English speaker to teach English in Mauritius. While native speakers are often preferred, many schools and language institutions in Mauritius are open to hiring fluent non-native English speakers who possess a strong command of English grammar and pronunciation. Holding a recognized qualification like a TEFL, TESOL, or CELTA certificate can significantly boost your chances of securing a teaching position, regardless of whether you are a native speaker.
Employers in Mauritius often value teaching ability and experience more than native speaker status. Non-native speakers who demonstrate fluency, clear communication skills, and a solid understanding of teaching methodologies are highly regarded. Additionally, speaking French or Creole, which are widely spoken in Mauritius, can be an asset as it allows you to connect more easily with students and their families, especially when explaining difficult concepts or building rapport.
Do You Need a TEFL Certificate to Teach English in Mauritius?
While it is possible to find English teaching jobs in Mauritius without a TEFL (Teaching English as a Foreign Language) certificate, having one will greatly enhance your prospects. Many schools and language centers prefer or even require teachers to hold a TEFL certificate, as it demonstrates that you have the necessary skills to teach English effectively, particularly to non-native speakers.
If you're deciding where to take your TEFL course, you can complete it either in Mauritius or online. Taking the course locally can offer you direct exposure to the cultural and educational needs of the island. However, online TEFL courses are often more flexible and affordable. Online options allow you to study at your own pace, choose from a wide variety of accredited programs, and fit your studies into your schedule.
Can You Teach English in Mauritius Without a Degree?
In Mauritius, having a degree is not always a strict requirement for teaching English. While some schools and language centers may prefer teachers with a bachelor’s degree, there are institutions and private tutoring opportunities that are more flexible with their requirements. In these cases, your ability to teach effectively may be more important than holding formal academic qualifications. However, schools that do not require a degree often expect teachers to have a TEFL (Teaching English as a Foreign Language) certificate.
For those without a degree, a TEFL certificate can be your key to entering the teaching field in Mauritius. This qualification proves that you have the skills and knowledge to teach English to non-native speakers, making it a strong alternative to a university degree. While some schools may still ask for a degree, a TEFL certification will often suffice, especially if you demonstrate strong teaching ability.
Can You Teach English in Mauritius Without Experience?
Yes, you can teach English in Mauritius without prior teaching experience. Many schools and language centers in Mauritius are open to hiring new teachers, especially if they have strong English language skills. However, while experience isn't always required, having the right qualifications, such as a TEFL (Teaching English as a Foreign Language) certificate, will make you a more attractive candidate.
For teachers without experience, a TEFL certificate is particularly valuable. It equips you with the foundational skills needed for teaching English to non-native speakers, including classroom management, lesson planning, and student engagement techniques. Completing a TEFL course will help you develop the confidence and expertise needed to succeed, even as a beginner teacher. In Mauritius, having this certification can significantly broaden your teaching opportunities, allowing you to start your career with a solid foundation.
How to Find English Teaching Jobs in Mauritius
Finding a teaching job in Mauritius can be a rewarding process if you know where to look and how to market yourself effectively. Here are some practical tips to guide you through your job search:
Online Job Portals
One of the most effective ways to find English teaching jobs in Mauritius is by exploring online platforms that specialize in educational job listings. Websites like Teast offer detailed postings for teaching jobs, including qualifications, salaries, and application instructions. While international job boards might occasionally list teaching jobs in Mauritius, it’s best to use platforms dedicated to the region to ensure you access the most relevant opportunities. Local job portals such as MyJob.mu or CareerHub.mu also frequently post openings for English teachers, making them valuable resources in your job hunt.
Contact Language Schools Directly
Not all language schools in Mauritius post their job vacancies online. To increase your chances, reach out directly to language schools and educational institutions, especially in larger cities like Port Louis, Beau Bassin, and Quatre Bornes, where the demand for English teachers is growing. Sending a professional email with your CV and cover letter directly to schools can set you apart from other candidates. Even if no vacancies are currently available, schools may keep your details for future opportunities.
Leverage Social Media and Professional Networks
Social media platforms like Facebook and LinkedIn can be valuable tools for finding English teaching jobs in Mauritius. Facebook groups dedicated to teaching opportunities in Mauritius allow you to network with current and former teachers, as well as recruiters who frequently post job listings. LinkedIn is another effective platform for connecting with educational institutions, recruiters, and other professionals in the Mauritian education sector. Building a network on these platforms will help you stay informed about potential job openings and gather useful insights into the local teaching market.
Prepare Your Application Materials
To stand out during the job application process, ensure that your CV highlights your relevant qualifications, such as a TEFL or TESOL certificate, and any teaching or tutoring experience. Even if you’re new to teaching, focus on transferable skills like communication, leadership, and classroom management. Your cover letter should clearly explain why you’re interested in teaching in Mauritius and how your skills align with the needs of the schools or institutions you’re applying to.
Consider Offering Private Tutoring
Private tutoring is a popular option in Mauritius, especially among students preparing for exams or professionals looking to improve their English proficiency. Offering private lessons can be a great way to supplement your income or even serve as your primary source of work. You can advertise your services through social media platforms, local community boards, or by partnering with language schools. Private tutoring provides flexibility and allows you to build strong, personalized relationships with your students.
By using these strategies, you’ll increase your chances of finding an English teaching job in Mauritius, and you may even secure a position before arriving on the island.