Teaching English in Thailand: Public Vs Private Schools

When it comes to teaching English in Thailand, the type of school you choose can shape your entire experience. Most foreign teachers end up working at either public (also called government) schools or private schools, each offering a distinct environment and rhythm of life. Whether you’re looking for cultural immersion, a polished teaching environment, or something in between, knowing the differences will help you make a choice that aligns with your goals.

From classroom size and teaching hours to salary and lifestyle, the contrast between these school types is more than just administrative — it can affect everything from your daily routine to how connected you feel to the community around you. Thailand has room for all kinds of teachers, but finding your best fit starts with understanding what you’re walking into.

🏫 What is a Public (Government) School in Thailand?

Public schools in Thailand — also referred to as government schools — are overseen by the Ministry of Education and make up the backbone of the country’s education system. You’ll find them in cities, suburbs, and even the most remote provinces, serving a wide range of students from diverse backgrounds.

These schools tend to have large class sizes, sometimes up to 40–50 students per room, with varying levels of English ability. Resources can be limited, and teaching materials might be basic or outdated. However, what public schools may lack in polish, they often make up for in cultural authenticity and community connection. You’ll likely be one of only a few foreign teachers on campus — if not the only one — which can create strong bonds with local staff and students.

Teaching at a government school often requires adaptability, but it offers a chance to experience Thai culture more deeply than in polished international or private settings. It’s a path many teachers choose not for the comfort, but for the connection.

🏢 What is a Private School in Thailand?

Private schools in Thailand operate independently of the public system, though they still follow national education guidelines. These schools are typically funded through tuition fees and can range from local religious institutions to elite bilingual academies with international aspirations.

Classes are usually smaller, allowing for more focused instruction and better classroom management. You'll likely find air-conditioned rooms, whiteboards or smartboards, and a wider range of teaching materials. With that comes more structure: private schools often have formal dress codes, fixed curricula, and more administrative oversight compared to government schools.

Most private schools are located in cities or well-developed towns, attracting students from middle- and upper-income families. The environment is more polished, but that often comes with higher expectations in terms of punctuality, lesson planning, and parent communication. If you're looking for a more professional and well-resourced setting — with a slightly more “Western” work culture — private schools might be your best fit.

⏰ Working Hours and Schedule Differences

One of the biggest contrasts between public and private schools in Thailand is the structure of the workday.

At public (government) schools, teachers usually enjoy shorter official hours, with some finishing by early afternoon. There’s often a long lunch break and a more relaxed pace, especially in rural areas. However, the trade-off is a heavy teaching load — you might be expected to teach six or more different classes a day, often with 40+ students in each. Public schools also tend to follow the national academic calendar closely, meaning more holidays and time off between terms.

Private schools typically have longer workdays, sometimes running from 7:30 AM to 4:30 PM, with additional staff meetings or school events. You’ll usually have fewer teaching hours and smaller classes, but more administrative responsibilities, including grading, lesson planning, and communicating with parents. Some private schools operate on slightly different academic calendars, especially bilingual or international-style institutions.

In short, public schools often give you more free time but require more classroom stamina, while private schools offer more structure and resources in exchange for longer hours.

💰 Salary and Benefits Comparison

When it comes to pay, private schools generally offer more — but compensation isn’t just about the numbers on your paycheck.

Public (government) schools in Thailand tend to start lower, often paying between 25,000 to 55,000 THB per month (roughly $700 to $1,540 USD). These schools may provide added benefits like free on-campus housing, a housing allowance, or even daily meals. In smaller towns and rural areas, the low cost of living means even a modest salary can go a long way.

Private schools usually offer higher pay, especially in urban centers. Salaries typically range from 35,000 to 70,000 THB monthly ($980 to $1,960 USD), depending on the institution’s prestige and your qualifications. Many also offer perks like performance bonuses, paid holidays, and health insurance — though they often expect longer working hours and more administrative duties in return.

Private language schools (different from regular private schools) usually fall somewhere in between, paying 25,000 to 40,000 THB per month ($700 to $1,120 USD). These positions can be part-time or full-time and often come with more flexible schedules.

No matter the type of school, many teachers increase their income through private tutoring or weekend classes, especially in cities. With smart budgeting and a bit of hustle, both public and private school teachers can enjoy a comfortable — and adventurous — lifestyle in Thailand.

📚 Curriculum and Teaching Expectations

The curriculum and teaching approach can vary widely depending on whether you're in a public (government) or private school — and it affects everything from daily planning to classroom dynamics.

In public schools, the curriculum is usually set by the Thai Ministry of Education, but it's often loosely followed. This gives teachers a lot of freedom to design their own lessons and bring creativity into the classroom. The trade-off? There's usually minimal guidance, few teaching materials, and sometimes a lack of English-speaking co-teachers. You'll need to be adaptable and resourceful.

Private schools are more structured. You’ll often be given a fixed syllabus, teaching materials, and regular assessments to administer. Lesson plans may be reviewed, and classroom performance is monitored more closely. The upside is predictability — you know what's expected of you — but there may be less room for spontaneous or flexible teaching.

In both types of schools, especially bilingual or “English Program” institutions, you might also teach other subjects like science, math, or health — all in English. This can be rewarding for teachers with subject-specific expertise or those looking for variety in their teaching routine.

👩‍🏫 Classroom Environment and Student Behavior

One of the biggest differences you'll notice between public (government) and private schools in Thailand is the classroom environment — from class size to student expectations.

In public schools, class sizes are often large, with 35 to 50 students or more in a single room. English levels can vary widely within one class, so you’ll need to differentiate your teaching and focus on engagement. The atmosphere tends to be more relaxed and informal, with students who are curious and energetic, though classroom management can be a challenge without strong support systems in place.

Private schools usually offer smaller class sizes, typically 15 to 30 students. This makes it easier to give students individual attention and manage the classroom. English proficiency is generally higher, especially in bilingual or international programs. Discipline tends to be stricter, and students are expected to follow rules more closely — though this depends on the school’s culture.

In both environments, Thai students are generally respectful and warm toward teachers. But understanding cultural dynamics — like the importance of saving face, using positive reinforcement, and showing humility — goes a long way in building strong teacher-student relationships.

🧘‍♂️ Lifestyle, Flexibility, and Workload

Your lifestyle in Thailand will be shaped as much by your school type as by your city or region. Public (government) schools tend to offer more breathing room. While you may teach more classes and have larger groups, the workload outside of teaching is usually light — minimal admin, fewer meetings, and more free time during the day. This makes public schools a great fit for digital nomads, travelers, or teachers who want to explore Thailand without being overwhelmed by work.

Private schools offer a more structured, professional environment. You might have fewer teaching hours, but you’ll often spend more time on prep, paperwork, or school events. The trade-off? Better facilities, smoother systems, and more consistency. Private schools suit those seeking stability or career progression — especially teachers who want experience in formal education systems or who are building a long-term TEFL resume.

Ultimately, it’s about balance. Public schools offer a laid-back rhythm with cultural immersion, while private schools give you modern comforts and professional polish. Choose based on the lifestyle you want both inside and outside the classroom.

🌍 Cultural Immersion vs Comfort

One of the biggest differences between public and private schools in Thailand lies in the depth of cultural immersion. Teaching at a public (government) school often means you're one of the only foreign teachers on staff — or the only one altogether. You’ll likely need to navigate more conversations in Thai, take part in local events, and build relationships with Thai coworkers and students in a more organic, authentic way. It’s ideal if you’re looking to connect deeply with Thai culture and community life.

Private schools, on the other hand, tend to attract more expat teachers and often have bilingual staff. You'll likely have English-speaking coworkers, clearer systems, and less need to adapt linguistically or culturally in your daily routine. These schools provide a smoother landing, especially if it’s your first time living abroad or you're more comfortable in structured environments.

Both paths offer rich rewards. Public schools give you the chance to truly live and breathe Thai culture. Private schools offer comfort, predictability, and an international social circle. The right fit depends on how far out of your comfort zone you want to step — and what you’re hoping to learn from your time in Thailand.

🔄 Can You Switch Between the Two?

Absolutely — many teachers in Thailand move between public and private schools as they gain experience and refine their preferences. Some start in public schools for a gentler entry into the system and deeper cultural immersion, then later transition to private schools for better pay, stability, or facilities. Others do the reverse — beginning in structured, private environments and later craving the laid-back, community-driven atmosphere of a public school.

Switching is often easier once you’ve spent a year or more in Thailand. Your TEFL certification, a few reference letters, and local experience can open more doors and give you leverage in choosing your next job. Private schools tend to be more selective, so a proven track record in a Thai classroom can go a long way.

Just be mindful of your visa and contract. Most contracts last one school year, and switching schools mid-year can be tricky due to non-compete clauses or visa sponsorship changes. But with proper planning, moving from one system to the other is not just possible — it’s often the best way to find your ideal teaching environment.

🎯 Final Thoughts: Choosing What’s Right for You

There’s no one-size-fits-all answer when it comes to teaching in public vs private schools in Thailand. Both have their strengths, and the “better” option depends entirely on your personality, priorities, and what kind of experience you’re looking for.

If you thrive on structure, prefer smaller class sizes, and want access to better resources, a private school might be a great fit. On the other hand, if you’re drawn to authentic cultural immersion, relaxed workdays, and a sense of local connection, public (government) schools offer a unique and rewarding path.

Ultimately, teaching English in Thailand isn’t just a job — it’s a lifestyle. The best choice is the one that aligns with your values, your goals, and the kind of adventure you want to have.